Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: AR + TREM2 + macrophage induced pathogenic immunosuppression promotes prostate cancer progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62381-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Quantification of AR + cells in CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, monocytes, and neutrophils from the peripheral blood of healthy individuals ( n = 31 biologically independent samples) and patients with prostate cancer ( n = 53 biologically independent samples) by flow cytometry. b Quantification of AR + cells in intraprostatic CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils was conducted in healthy prostates and prostate cancer tissues by flow cytometry ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). c , d The RNA-seq analysis of BMDMs cultured in RM1 CM and treated with ASC-J9 or DMSO. c A heatmap of DEGs in macrophages, where gene counts for the DMSO group have been normalised, and gene expression values are coloured based on upregulation (red) or downregulation (blue). DMSO treatment is represented in black, while ASC-J9 treatment is depicted in red. d A volcano plot displaying the gene expression of selected TREM family members ( Trem2 and Trem1 ), macrophage polarisation markers ( Cd163, Arg1, Cd86 , and Tnf ), and pro-migration factors ( Ccl2 and Ccl8 ), with gene expression values coloured according to upregulation (red) or downregulation (blue). e Quantification of TREM2 + cells in CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, monocytes, and neutrophils from peripheral blood of healthy individuals ( n = 31 biologically independent samples) and patients with prostate cancer ( n = 53 biologically independent samples) by flow cytometry. f Quantification of TREM2 + cells in intraprostatic CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils was conducted in healthy prostates and prostate cancer tissues by flow cytometry ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). g Pearson correlation analysis of AR and TREM2 protein levels in peripheral blood monocytes of patients with prostate cancer ( n = 53 biologically independent samples). h Representative dot plots of TREM2 expression levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells classified as TREM2 high (TREM2 high ), TREM2 low (TREM2 low ), and TREM2 negative (TREM2 neg ) (left). Representative dot plots of AR expression in peripheral blood TREM2 neg , TREM2 low , and TREM2 high mononuclear cells (middle). Quantification of AR expression in peripheral blood TREM2 neg , TREM2 low , and TREM2 high mononuclear cells of prostate cancer patients ( n = 53 biologically independent samples) (right). i Quantification of co-expression, singular expression, and non-expression of AR and TREM2 in peripheral monocytes of healthy individuals ( n = 31 biologically independent samples) and patients with prostate cancer ( n = 53 biologically independent samples). j Quantification of co-expression, singular expression, and non-expression of AR and TREM2 in intraprostatic macrophages of healthy prostate and prostate cancer tissues ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). k Representative immunoblot analysis of AR and TREM2 in CD68 + macrophages of tumour regions and adjacent normal prostate of prostate cancer patients. Experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. l Representative multiplex immunofluorescence staining images of AR, TREM2, and CD206 in prostate tumour regions and adjacent normal prostate tissues. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 10 μm. m Quantification of co-expression, singular expression, and non-expression of AR and TREM2 in CD206-expressing cells in tumour regions and distant normal prostate tissues ( n = 5 biologically independent samples) from multiplex immunofluorescence in (Fig. 1l). n Multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry (using TSA technology) analysis. Representative tumour regions of FFPE prostatectomy specimens were stained for CD68, CD206, CD86, AR, and TREM2. Each triangle or pentagon represents the CD68 + CD206 + cells or CD68 + CD86 + cells, respectively. Scale bar: 20 µm. o Percentage of TREM2 - AR - , TREM2 + AR - , TREM2 - AR + , and TREM2 + AR + cells in CD68 + CD206 + macrophages or CD68 + CD86 + macrophages in multiplex immunofluorescence image of the tumour regions of FFPE prostatectomy specimens, respectively ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). For ( l , n ) experiments were repeated three times independently with similar results. All the data are presented as mean ± SD. The P- values were determined by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons for ( a − o ); by the Wald test under a negative binomial generalized linear model, and adjusted for multiple testing via the Benjamini-Hochberg method for ( d ); by two-sided Pearson correlation analysis ( g ); and by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons for ( h ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: FFPE sections were stained overnight at 4 °C using anti-TREM2 antibody (Merck millipore, MABN755, 1:200), anti-CD206 antibody (Servicebio, GB115273 , 1:200), anti-AR antibody (Servicebio, GB11253, 1:200), anti-CD86 antibody (Servicebio, GB115630 , 1:200), and anti-CD68 antibody (Servicebio, GB113150 , 1:200).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, RNA Sequencing, Cell Culture, Gene Expression, Migration, Expressing, Western Blot, Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: AR + TREM2 + macrophage induced pathogenic immunosuppression promotes prostate cancer progression

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62381-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Experimental scheme of mass spectrometry. Created in BioRender. Qiaohua, W. (2025) https://BioRender.com/ly3agho . Briefly, proteins from human prostate tumour tissues were extracted, followed by immunoprecipitation using anti-TREM2 antibody or IgG and agarose beads, and then the enriched proteins were lysed for peptide identification. b Venn diagram and the table showing the secretory proteins in the anti-TREM2-enriched complex. c Pearson correlation analysis of APOE and TREM2 mRNA levels in TCGA database of prostate cancer ( n = 498 biologically independent samples). d Representative immunoblot analysis of TREM2 and APOE in macrophages isolated from human prostate cancer tissues which was immunoprecipitated with anti-TREM2 antibody. Sample processing controls (lysate input, run on the same separate gel) are shown in panel (1 & 2). Experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. e Representative multiplex immunofluorescence staining images of TREM2, APOE, and CD206 in prostate tumour tissues and adjacent normal prostate tissues. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 10 μm. f Quantification of co-expression, singular expression, and non-expression of TREM2 and APOE in CD68-expressing cells in tumour regions and distant normal prostate tissues ( n = 5 biologically independent samples) from multiplex immunofluorescence of (Fig. 3e). g The concentration of APOE in the serum of both healthy individuals ( n = 12 biologically independent samples) and patients ( n = 28 biologically independent samples) with prostate cancer was detected using ELISA. h The concentration of APOE in the homogenates of normal prostate and prostate cancer tissues was detected using ELISA ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). i The concentration of APOE in normal cell culture media and RM1 CM was measured using ELISA ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). j Representative immunoblot analysis of AR, TREM2, p-STAT3, ROR-γ, p-Src, and p-Syk in WT BMDMs, TREM2 KO BMDMs and DAP12 KO BMDMs treated with RM1 CM or 100 nM recombinant APOE protein for 48 h. Experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. k Representative immunoblot analysis of AR, TREM2, p-STAT3, ROR-γ, p-Src, and p-Syk in WT BMDMs treated with RM1 CM or RM1 CM plus 1 ng/ml anti-APOE for 48 h. Experiment was repeated three times independently with similar results. l , m RT-qPCR analysis of in WT BMDMs and TREM2 KO BMDMs treated with 100 nM recombinant APOE protein ( l ) or RM1 CM plus 1 ng/ml anti-APOE ( m ) for 48 h ( n = 6 biologically independent samples). Gene expression was normalized to Actb expression. For e, experiments were repeated three times independently with similar results. All the data are presented as mean ± SD. The P -values were determined by two-sided Pearson correlation analysis for ( c ); by two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons for ( f ); by two-sided Mann-Whitney U test for ( g − i ); and by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons for ( l , m ). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: FFPE sections were stained overnight at 4 °C using anti-TREM2 antibody (Merck millipore, MABN755, 1:200), anti-CD206 antibody (Servicebio, GB115273 , 1:200), anti-AR antibody (Servicebio, GB11253, 1:200), anti-CD86 antibody (Servicebio, GB115630 , 1:200), and anti-CD68 antibody (Servicebio, GB113150 , 1:200).

Techniques: Mass Spectrometry, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot, Isolation, Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture, Recombinant, Quantitative RT-PCR, Gene Expression, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical detection of CD163 + and CD86 + TAMs in colorectal tissues (×200). (A) CD163 staining in various tissues. (B) CD86 staining. (C) IOD for CD163. (D) IOD for CD86. Data expressed as M (Q1, Q3) (n = 109). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (DB-adjusted). Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CAS; 3, SSA; 4, CRC. M: Median; Q 1 : 1st Quartile; Q 3 : 3rd Quartile.

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation of CD163 + /CD86 + TAMs levels with CRC development. (A) Differential expression between H.pylori -infected and uninfected groups. (B) Correlation between CD163 + and CD86 + expression. (C, D) Positive correlation of both markers with malignancy grade. Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CAS; 3, SSA; 4, CRC. *** P < 0.001 (MWU test).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Quantitative Proteomics, Infection, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multiplex immunofluorescence (200×) : CD68 + (red), CD163 + (green), CD86 + (green), DAPI (nuclei, blue), Merge (multichannel overlay), Scale bar: 50 μm. (A) CD68 + CD163 + dual-positive cells (IF). (B) CD68 + CD86 + dual-positive cells (IF).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in cell density and proportion of CD68 + CD163 +/ CD68 + CD86 + dual-positive TAMs across groups. Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CRA; 3, CRC. *** P < 0.001 (Tukey HSD).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Article Title: SNAI1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and maintains cancer stem cell-like properties in thymic epithelial tumors through the PIK3R2/p-EphA2 Axis.

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03243-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 1 Identification of the hub transcription factor through WGCNA and DEG analyses. a. Exploration of the network topology under different soft- thresholding powers (weighting coefficient, β). The x-axis denotes distinct soft-thresholding powers, while the y-axis illustrates the correlation coefficient between log (k) and log [P(k)]. The red line signifies a correlation coefficient of 0.9. Average network connectivity under different weighting coefficients. The average network connectivity under different weighting coefficients is also depicted. b. Dendrograms illustrating clustering of all DEGs, with dis similarity based on topological overlap, along with assigned module colors. In total, 17 co-expression modules were constructed and are represented by different colors. c. Heatmap plot illustrating the gene network, displaying the Topological Overlap Matrix (TOM) among all Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in the analysis. Darker red indicates higher overlap, while lighter colors indicate lower overlap. Module assignment genes and dendrogram are presented along the top and left sides. d. The figure illustrates module-trait associations, where the column corresponds to the trait (thymoma or TC), and each row represents a Module Eigengene (ME). The numbers in the rectangles denote the correlation coefficient, with the corresponding p value shown in brackets. The table is color-coded based on the correlation, as indicated by the color legend. e. The Venn diagram shows the intersection of the signifi cant Modules genes, DEGs, and transcription factors from the TRRUST database. f. The LASSO coefficient spectrum of 12 genes is depicted, presenting a distribution map based on a logarithmic (λ) sequence. g. The figure displays the partial likelihood deviance for varying numbers of variables as revealed by the LASSO regression model. The red dots signify the partial likelihood deviance values, while the grey lines represent the standard error (SE). The two vertical dotted lines on the left and right, respectively, indicate optimal values based on the minimum criteria and 1-SE criteria. h. The figure depicts the correlation analysis between the expression level of SNAI1 and the risk-scores generated by the LASSO regression model. i. The figure displays ROC curves for predicting pathological stages and pathological subtypes using the risk-scores. j. The columnar distributions of risk-scores among different stages and pathological subtypes. *** denotes p < 0.001

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were utilized in the assay: SNAI1 polyclonal antibody (proteintech, Cat. no., 13099- 1-AP), anti-CD44 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB112054-100), anti-CD68 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB11067-100), anti-CD86 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115630-100), and anti-CD206 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115273-100).

Techniques: Expressing, Construct, Sequencing, Generated

Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Article Title: SNAI1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and maintains cancer stem cell-like properties in thymic epithelial tumors through the PIK3R2/p-EphA2 Axis.

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03243-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3 Evaluation of the impact of the application of the SNAI1 inhibitor on the TET cells through scRNA-seq. a-b. UMAP plot representing human cells (dots) derived from PDX models of thymic squamous cell carcinoma, with color-coding based on clusters and groups. c. Resuls of the inferCNV analysis of all the human cells. d-e. The expression level of SNAI1 across all tumor cells. f-j. The signature scores of critical biological pathways in all tumor cells. k. Geneset enrichment analysis (GSEA) showing normalized enrichment scores. l-n. Monocle plots demonstrating the differentiation trajectories based on monocle clusters, pseudotime, and gene expression status. o-q. t-SNE plot of tumor cells showing different CytoTRACE scores, subgroups, and different expression levels of OV6. r. Monocle plots demonstrating the differentiation trajectories based on CytoTRACE scores. s. Boxplots demonstrating Cyto TRACE scores of different subgroups. t. Ridge plot demonstrating gene ontology pathways that were significantly altered across pseudotime. u. UMAP projections of expression levels for SNAI1. v. Geneswitches output showing the ordering of the top switching genes along the differentiation trajectory. *** denotes p < 0.001

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were utilized in the assay: SNAI1 polyclonal antibody (proteintech, Cat. no., 13099- 1-AP), anti-CD44 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB112054-100), anti-CD68 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB11067-100), anti-CD86 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115630-100), and anti-CD206 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115273-100).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Gene Expression

Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Article Title: SNAI1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and maintains cancer stem cell-like properties in thymic epithelial tumors through the PIK3R2/p-EphA2 Axis.

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03243-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 4 Evaluation of the impact of the application of the SNAI1 inhibitor on the tumor microenvironment through scRNA-seq. a. UMAP plot representing non-tumor mouse cells (dots) derived from PDX models of thymic squamous cell carcinoma, with color-coding based on global cell types. b. Relative cellular composition derived from the UMAP plot of non-tumor mouse cells treated with Rosiglitazone (SNAI1 inhibitor) or vehicle. c. Hierarchical plot from CellChat analysis showing the differential number of ligand-receptor interactions between murine microenvironment cells. d. Heatmap plot from CellChat analysis showing the differential number of ligand-receptor interactions between murine microenvironment cells. e. Dot plot showing signifi cant chemokine-chemokine receptor pairs contributing to the signaling between myeloid cells and other cell types. f. Bubble plot showing significant chemokines contributing to signaling between different cell types. g. Hierarchical plot from CellChat analysis showing the differential number of ligand- receptor interactions between myeloid cells and other cell types. h-i. UMAP plot (h) and relative cellular composition (i) of mouse myeloid cells from PDX treated with Rosiglitazone or vehicle, color-coded by subtypes. j. Bubble plot of the mRNA expression levels of well-known markers for myeloid cells, including Cd86, Irf5, Mrc1, and Csf1r. k. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs in myeloid cells between the Rosiglitazone (SNAI1 inhibitor) and vehicle groups. g-h. mIHC images displaying the expression of SNAI1, CSCs marker (CD44), and myeloid cell markers (CD68, CD86, and CD206) in the TET tissue microarray, along with their merged image (Scale bars: 200 μm)

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were utilized in the assay: SNAI1 polyclonal antibody (proteintech, Cat. no., 13099- 1-AP), anti-CD44 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB112054-100), anti-CD68 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB11067-100), anti-CD86 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115630-100), and anti-CD206 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115273-100).

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Expressing, Marker, Microarray

Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Article Title: SNAI1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and maintains cancer stem cell-like properties in thymic epithelial tumors through the PIK3R2/p-EphA2 Axis.

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03243-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 7 Exploration of the underlying mechanism was conducted through IP-MS, phosphoproteomics, and Co-IP. a. The results of silver staining demon strate the proteins obtained through Co-IP using different antibodies, including p85β (encoded by PIK3R2) and IgG. b. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed for the overlapped genes identified through mass spectrometry (MS) and phosphoproteomics. c-d. Results of co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments showing the interaction between p-EphA2 and p85β in Ty82 cells (c) and IU-TAB-1 cells (d), both in the presence and absence of Dasatinib, an inhibitor targeting EphA2 phosphorylation at Ser897. e. The effect of administration of dasatinib on the proliferation of Ty82 cells was evalu ated using the CCK-8 assay, with absorbance at 450 nm measured at various time points. f-g. Transwell assays were conducted to assess the influence of administration of dasatinib on the in vitro migration and invasion ability of Ty82 cells, with representative micrographs presented (Scale bars: 200 μm). The quantification of cells attached to the lower surface of the chamber are also presented. h. Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of PIK3R2 and SNAI1 in Ty82 cells transfected with LV-SNAI1, LV-SNAI1 + shPIK3R2, or LV-shSNAI1. i. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the protein expression levels of EphA2, p-EphA2, PIK3R2, and SNAI1 in Ty82 cells treated with Dasatinib or vehicle. j-k. Western blot analysis was conducted to evaluate the protein expression levels of GSK3β/β-catenin signaling genes in TET cells transfected with LV-Ctrl, LV-shPIK3R2, LV-SNAI1, or LV-shPIK3R2 + SNAI1. *** denotes p < 0.001, and ns denotes not statistically significant

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were utilized in the assay: SNAI1 polyclonal antibody (proteintech, Cat. no., 13099- 1-AP), anti-CD44 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB112054-100), anti-CD68 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB11067-100), anti-CD86 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115630-100), and anti-CD206 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115273-100).

Techniques: Protein-Protein interactions, Phospho-proteomics, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Silver Staining, Mass Spectrometry, Immunoprecipitation, CCK-8 Assay, In Vitro, Migration, Western Blot, Expressing, Transfection

Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Article Title: SNAI1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and maintains cancer stem cell-like properties in thymic epithelial tumors through the PIK3R2/p-EphA2 Axis.

doi: 10.1186/s13046-024-03243-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 8 Schematic illustration of the SNAI1/PIK3R2/p-EphA2 axis in TETs. SNAI1 transcriptionally regulates the expression of PIK3R2, thereby promoting the synthesis of the p85β subunit. Subsequently, p85β is translocated to the cell membrane where it directly interacts with p-EphA2. Activation of the PI3K pathway and GSK3β/β-catenin signaling ensues, fostering tumorigenesis. The schematic graph was created using BioRender software (Ontario, Canada)

Article Snippet: The following antibodies were utilized in the assay: SNAI1 polyclonal antibody (proteintech, Cat. no., 13099- 1-AP), anti-CD44 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB112054-100), anti-CD68 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB11067-100), anti-CD86 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115630-100), and anti-CD206 rabbit pAb (Servicebio, Cat. no., GB115273-100).

Techniques: Expressing, Membrane, Activation Assay, Software

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunohistochemical detection of CD163 + and CD86 + TAMs in colorectal tissues (×200). (A) CD163 staining in various tissues. (B) CD86 staining. (C) IOD for CD163. (D) IOD for CD86. Data expressed as M (Q1, Q3) (n = 109). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (DB-adjusted). Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CAS; 3, SSA; 4, CRC. M: Median; Q 1 : 1st Quartile; Q 3 : 3rd Quartile.

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Correlation of CD163 + /CD86 + TAMs levels with CRC development. (A) Differential expression between H.pylori -infected and uninfected groups. (B) Correlation between CD163 + and CD86 + expression. (C, D) Positive correlation of both markers with malignancy grade. Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CAS; 3, SSA; 4, CRC. *** P < 0.001 (MWU test).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Quantitative Proteomics, Infection, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multiplex immunofluorescence (200×) : CD68 + (red), CD163 + (green), CD86 + (green), DAPI (nuclei, blue), Merge (multichannel overlay), Scale bar: 50 μm. (A) CD68 + CD163 + dual-positive cells (IF). (B) CD68 + CD86 + dual-positive cells (IF).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: Multiplex Assay, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: Tumor-associated macrophage expression in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas: relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1649619

Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in cell density and proportion of CD68 + CD163 +/ CD68 + CD86 + dual-positive TAMs across groups. Groups: 1, Normal; 2, CRA; 3, CRC. *** P < 0.001 (Tukey HSD).

Article Snippet: The following reagents and equipment were used in this study: mouse monoclonal anti-CD163 antibody (10D6, ma5-11458, Invitrogen, Waltham, MA02451, USA); rabbit monoclonal anti-CD86 antibody (EP1158-37, ab269587, Abcam, Cambridge, UK); rabbit Polyclonal a nti-CD68 antibody ( GB113150 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD163 antibody ( GB113152 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); rabbit Polyclonal anti-CD86 antibody ( GB115630 , Servicebio, Wuhan, China); secondary antibodies and DAB chromogenic kits (Biomiky, Biosharp, and Servicebio, respectively).

Techniques: